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Custom Cryogenic Technology Articles
Meyer-Built Superconducting Radio Frequency Test Cryostat Is Subject of Paper
Test Cryostat System built by Meyer for Argonne National Lab presented at 14th International Conference on RF Superconductivity 2009 in Berlin.
Multilayer Insulation—Part 1: Overview
Multilayer insulation systems are a common and highly effective means of reducing thermal radiation heat leak in cryogenic systems.
Multilayer Insulation—Part 2: Installation Techniques
Discussion of some of the techniques used when installing multilayer insulation on low volume custom and semi-custom cryogenic equipment.
The Use of Multilayer Insulation Blankets on 77K and on 4K Surfaces
An analysis of the use of multilayer insulation blankets on 77K surfaces and 4K surfaces and the interaction between the blankets.
Kevlar Supports for Cryogenic Vessels
The high strength and relatively low thermal conductivity of Kevlar make it an interesting choice for thermal supports in cryogenic vessels.
The U.S. Industrial International Linear Collider RF Unit Cost Study
A cost study for fabrication of the Cryomodules and RF Power Systems for the ILC presents the methodology and important assumptions of the study.
Using MLI Blankets under poor vacuum conditions
Multilayer insulation is able to achieve effective isolation from radiated heat due to its structure. Each successive layer reduces heat load on the next.
ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code Stamped Vessels and the PED
The Pressure Equipment Directive sets mandatory requirements for pressure vessels in EU countries. For manufacturers, certification is far from automatic.
Trends in Thermal Shields: Copper or Aluminum?
In cryogenic applications thermal shields are used to intercept ambient temperature radiation, “shielding" the inner cryogen vessel from this heat load.
How Bayonets Work
Bayonets are a practical way to make demountable connections vacuum insulated pipe & make it possible to break connections in a system without contamination
Cryogenic Thermometers – An Introduction
Comparison of devices measure temperatures in cryogenics, including resistance thermometers utilizing carbon or platinum resistors, diodes & thermocouples.
Thermal Conductivity at Low Temperatures, Part 1: Theory
Discussion of theory of thermal conductivity of metals, nonmetals & plastics at extremely low temperatures & how this relates to cryogenic equipment manufacturing.
Heat Shield Design Guides
We present some design guides for heat shields, showing a heat shield with cooling coils and diagramming peak temperature rise for various materials.
How Nonmagnetic are 304 and 316 Stainless Steels?
When fabricating dewars & support structures for superconducting magnets it is important to understand the magnetic properties of the materials used.
Thermoacoustic Oscillations
A discussion of the causes of thermoacoustic oscillations and the procedures available to prevent them from occurring.
Isn’t It Shocking!
When fabricating cryogenic equipment, liquid nitrogen cold shocking followed by sequential pressure & helium leak tests is a key quality assurance step.
Bimetallic Joints in Cryogenic Applications
In experience at Meyer Tool cryogenic aluminum/stainless steel bimetallic joints are most commonly produced through explosion bonding or friction welding.
Fabrication of the Jefferson Laboratory Cryogenic Control Reservoirs
Meyer Tool is manufacturing six Cryogenic Control reservoirs (CCRs) for the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility.
Demountable Cryogenic Seal Options
Demountable cryogenic seals of Conflat, Indium wire, Helicoflex, Kapton or Mylar gaskets, VCR fittings, & glass conical vacuum seals are all viable options.
Heat Shields: Materials And Cost Considerations
This paper examines heat shield design options over a range of conditions and compare the costs of different materials and design options.
The Rectangular Cryostat Assembly for Argonne National Lab’s ATLAS Intensity Upgrade
For an ATLAS upgrade, Meyer is providing helium pressure vessels for the superconducting niobium cavities & fabricating major components of the cryomodule.
Installation of Multilayer Insulation – Things to Avoid
How to properly install multilayer insulation to create a highly effective thermal insulation system, and the pitfalls of improper installation.
Case Study: MINERvA Detector Cryostat -- A Challenge in Helium Leak Detection
Case study of fabricating the MINERvA detector cryostat including tracing the origin of an elusive helium leak discovered in final testing.
Galling and Fasteners for Vacuum Service
Methods to prevent galling on surfaces or at fasteners including advantages & disadvantages of antiseise compound and the use of silver or bronze fasteners.
Vacuum Compatible Metals and Alloys
The proper use of silicon bronze nuts with stainless steel bolts to avoid galling & methods to prevent contamination of the vacuum chamber.
Common Cryogenic Materials: G-10 & G-11
A discussion of G-10CR & G-11CR, which have been specifically developed to address the issue of uniform material properties at cryogenic temperatures.
BEYOND SPECS: Thermal Shrouds
Analysis of thermal shrouds in cryogenic applications, advantages of construction using copper, aluminum, & stainless steel, materials cost comparison.
BEYOND SPECS: Fabrication of the Jefferson Laboratory Cryogenic Control Reservoirs
Case Study of the six Cryogenic Control Reservoirs (CCRs) Meyer Tool manufactured for the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (Jefferson Lab).
Vapor Cooled Thermal Shields
Discussion of the use of vapor cooled thermal shields and their performance vs. a liquid nitrogen cooled shield to achieve very long holding times.
Sudden Loss of Isolation Vacuum in Cryogenic Liquid Dewars
Providing an adequate relief path to deal with the sudden or catastrophic loss of isolation vacuum is a critical step in designing a dewar.
Applications of Cryogenics: LNG
A discussion of technologies used to convert natural gas into Liquified Natural Gas (LNG).
When Superconductivity is Unanticipated
Many common materials become superconducting at low temperatures. Why should this have unexpected consequences?
Interference Fits
Meyer Tool & Mfg., Inc. utilizes various manufacturing techniques to mate parts together during fabrication of the many unique projects built here. For parts that need the ability to be removed, threaded connections are typically used. Permanent connections can be achieved by welding (when joining similar metals) or brazing (when joining dissimilar metals). When these methods are unavailable or undesired, interference fits can be a reliable style of mating parts together.
Effect of Purge Gas on Cryogenic Toughness Properties of Austenitic Stainless Steel GTAW Welds
The root passes of austenitic stainless steel GTAW welds are routinely purged with inert gas. By far the most common inert gas utilized for this is argon
A New 2K Superconducting Half-Wave Cavity Cryomodule
Meyer Tool is manufacturing 3 key components of the Proton Improvement Plan–II project for Argonne National Lab and Fermilab, the first 2K cryomodule for superconducting accelerator cavities with low-beta.
